Theory of Culture Change , Cultural Change That Sticks

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Harvard Business Review: Cultural Change That Sticks
by Jon Katzenbach, Ilona Steffen, and Caroline Kronley
When properly harnessed, an organization’s culture can be a true differentiator that no competitor can duplicate. However, as pressures on companies build, leaders often become frustrated with the comparatively slow pace of culture evolution. In the rush to implement new strategies and make performance improvements, the legacy culture—employees’ ingrained ways of doing things—can seem like the greatest barrier to change. Unfortunately, most well-intended efforts to “change the culture” fizzle out, fail, or backfire. Here's the good news: There is an alternative. Drawing on recent research and real examples, the article's authors present a new approach that leverages what is strongest in an organization's existing culture, providing a practical road map for real, substantive evolution in employees' ways of behaving by focusing on a few critical shifts. This approach has been tested and proven in client engagements across a range of regions and industries.
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Steward, Julian H Theory of Culture Change. University of Illinois Press.
 文化變遷的理論 / 史徒華(Julian H. Steward)著 ; 張恭啟譯. 史狄華 (Steward, Julian H.)

出版項	允晨文化實業公司, 臺北市 : 民73  臺北市 : 遠流出版事業公司, 1998

 Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902 – February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist best known for his role in developing "the concept and method" of cultural ecology, as well as a scientific theory of culture change.

 Steward searched for cross-cultural regularities in an effort to discern laws of culture and culture change. His work explained variation in the complexity of social organization as being limited to within a range possibilities by the environment. In evolutionary terms, he located this view of cultural ecology as “multi-linear,” in contrast to the unilinear typological models popular in the 19th century, and Leslie White’s “universal” approach. Steward’s most important theoretical contributions came during his teaching years at Columbia (1946–53).


 Steward left Columbia for the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he chaired the Anthropology Department and continued to teach until his retirement in 1968. There he undertook yet another large-scale study, a comparative analysis of modernization in eleven third world societies. The results of this research were published in three volumes entitled Contemporary Change in Traditional Societies.

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Steward

 朱利安·斯圖爾德（Julian Haynes Steward，1902年－1972年），美國人類學家，文化生態學理論與方法的創造者，文化變遷科學理論的創始人。在人類學界關於進化論的長期爭論中，他以其多線進化論獨樹一幟，因此被視為新一代進化論的支持者，其影響也相當大。