2025年12月24日 星期三

Edvard Munch 簡介:生命三相「Munch 遠不只一聲吶喊」( Munch Was More Than a Scream)The Frieze of Life—他 75歲自選的代表作系列


Edvard Munch 簡介:生命三相「Munch 遠不只一聲吶喊」( Munch Was More Than a Scream)The Frieze of Life—他 75歲自選的代表作系列

 

「蒙娜麗莎」之所以能成為大眾流行文化的一部分,其全球性名聲是一大功臣。但它之所以能斐譽全球,無疑又是拜高尚文化之賜──因為它出自文藝復興大師之手,由法國國王買下,然後存放在全球最大都市之一、全球最知名博物館裡。
  它通過時間的考驗而屹立不搖。一五六八年,達文西死後不到六十年,畫家暨史家瓦薩里便稱它為傑作:「想知道藝術可以如何維妙維肖模仿自 然者,看看這畫中的臉龐,立即可以得到解答……所有人都會同意,這幅畫手法之高明,再出色的藝術家見了都會膽戰心驚5。」四百五十年後,英國藝術史家貢布 里希則如此讚譽:「她像是活生生的人,彷彿會在我們眼前改變,每次去看她,都予人不同的感覺……這聽來似乎頗不可思議,但事實就是如此,偉大的藝術作品往 往會給人這樣的感覺6。」
那些為文明和高尚文化行將消失而黯然神傷者,此時應可以感到些許寬慰,因為有深厚文化根底的藝術作品,最終還是成為最受歡迎的作品。二 ○○○年二月,義大利的民意調查協會()為本書做了一次民意調查,針對義大利這個生活在許多全球最偉大、最知名藝術作品當中的民族,發現蒙娜麗莎的人氣指 數之高遠超乎預期7。以「你心目中全世界最知名的畫作為何」這道開放性題目(也就是沒有任何提示的題目)來說,作答者(不含答不知道者)中,有高達百分之 八十五‧五答「蒙娜麗莎」,其次是百分之三‧六答梵谷的「向日葵」,第三是波提且利的「春」(百分之二‧一),第四則是孟克的「吶喊」(百分之二‧○ 一)。



Edvard Munch 簡介:生命三相
『紐約時報』為周日的 Edvard Munch1963-1944 )特展寫篇介紹(Art Review ):「Munch 遠不只一聲吶喊」( Munch Was More Than a Scream),這當然影射其名畫(尤其是近日盜畫者的審判要開庭 ……),或許也有可能借『聖經』中的「人生 /萬古在上帝如一聲長嘆」(?)之說法,Munch 一生有其主題:The Frieze of Life— 75歲自選的代表作系列,詳下文。
--------
關於 Munch,有約35 年的神交。多年前在NHK看到日本為他製造的專集,印象深刻,可惜當時未留下紀錄。
永和有本他的專集和北歐印的表現主義等。
--
中文方面:
Arne Egum1984)『蒙克』湖南美術出版社, 1989
這本根據挪威版翻譯,可惜其中的德文【傳主在柏林數年,是其事業影響力最大的地方】,都沒請人幫忙解釋。
J. P. Hodin 著「孟克 Edvard Munch 朱紀蓉 譯,台北:遠流出版,1997,絕版
讀書報告以後再補。
-----
英文之簡介:
這回在 INTERNET上看他一部20 餘分鐘的畫作-生平介紹,是很難得的經驗:
Edvard Munch: The Frieze of Life



----陳思宏 20251224
新的孟克博物館很好逛,空間很足,作品很齊。
《吶喊》三幅,在一個空間裡輪流展出,每三十分鐘換一幅。
我自己印象深刻的:孟克的自拍。他晚年買了相機,自拍了很多張,完全就是我們這時代的Selfie。
親眼看到他畫的尼采,還有易卜生,看很久,我覺得神態畫得真好。但我猜,當年易卜生看到,心裡應該有小小崩潰一下吧?
孟克畫憂鬱,很擊中。我建議冬日憂鬱的朋友不要來看展。很triggering,我猜想啦。
真的很喜歡奧斯陸。人不多。遊客數量剛好。聖誕節前夕,冷靜,不張揚。完全就是我的菜。


2025年12月22日 星期一

傳記故事(四):《大仲馬美食詞典》Cooking with Alexandre Dumas (l802~1870). Dumas's d'Artagnan 大仲馬筆下的達達尼昂是文學英雄:“如果注定要發生衝突,我一定會讚賞那些勇往直前的人。” The d'Artagnan Romances: 《達達尼安傳奇》是亞歷山大·仲馬創作的三部曲小說,《三仲馬傳》《大仲馬美食詞典》《三個火槍手》The Three Musketeers 。「天才與愚蠢的差別在於:天才也有其限制。」~小仲馬 Alexandre Dumas fils 於1848年完成小說《茶花女》小說、劇本、歌劇、芭蕾



傳記故事(四):《大仲馬美食詞典》Cooking with Alexandre Dumas (l802~1870). Dumas's d'Artagnan 大仲馬筆下的達達尼昂是文學英雄:“如果注定要發生衝突,我一定會讚賞那些勇往直前的人。”  The d'Artagnan Romances:     《達達尼安傳奇》是亞歷山大·仲馬創作的三部曲小說,《三仲馬傳》《大仲馬美食詞典》《三個火槍手》The Three Musketeers  。「天才與愚蠢的差別在於:天才也有其限制。」~小仲馬 Alexandre Dumas fils  於1848年完成小說《茶花女》小說、劇本、歌劇、芭蕾        


 

Helen Oyeyemi: By the Book

The author of "Mr. Fox" and "Boy, Snow, Bird" considers Dumas's d'Artagnan a literary hero: "If there's going to be a fray, I can't help but approve of someone who enters it headlong."
《狐狸先生》和《男孩、雪、鳥》的作者海倫·奧耶耶米認為大仲馬筆下的達達尼昂是文學英雄:“如果注定要發生衝突,我一定會讚賞那些勇往直前的人。”

The d'Artagnan Romances are a set of three novels by Alexandre Dumas telling the story of the musketeer d'Artagnan from his humble beginnings in Gascony to his death as a marshal of France in the Siege of Maastricht in 1673.
Dumas based the life and character of d'Artagnan on the 17th-century captain of musketeers Charles de Batz-Castelmore d'Artagnan, and Dumas's portrayal was indebted to the semi-fictionalized memoirs of d'Artagnan written 27 years after the hero's death by Gatien de Courtilz de Sandras (published in 1700).
The three novels are:

海倫‧奧耶耶米:按書而行



《達達尼安傳奇》是亞歷山大·仲馬創作的三部曲小說,講述了火槍手達達尼昂從加斯科涅的卑微出身到1673年在馬斯特里赫特圍城戰中以法國元帥身份陣亡的傳奇人生。

仲馬以17世紀火槍隊隊長查理·德·巴茨-卡斯特爾莫爾·達達尼昂為原型塑造了達達尼安的生平和性格。他的筆觸也藉鑒了加蒂安·德·庫爾蒂爾·德·桑德拉斯在達達尼昂去世27年後撰寫的半虛構回憶錄(出版於1700年)。

這三本小說分別是:

《三個火槍手》,故事發生在1625年;這部小說最初於1844年3月至7月在《世紀》(Le Siècle)雜誌上連載。大仲馬聲稱其創作靈感來自他在法國國家圖書館發現的手稿。

《二十年後》(Twenty Years After),故事背景設定於1648年,於1845年1月至8月連載。

《布拉熱洛納子爵:十年後》(The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later),故事背景設定於1660年至1673年,於1847年10月至1850年1月連載。這部鴻篇巨制曾多次被拆分為三卷、四卷或五卷。

三卷本的標題分別為《布拉熱洛納子爵》(The Vicomte de Bragelonne)、《路易絲·德·拉·瓦利埃》(Louise de la Vallière)和《鐵面人》(The Man in the Iron Mask)。

四卷本的標題分別為《布拉熱洛納子爵》(The Vicomte de Bragelonne)、《十年後》(Ten Years Later)、《路易絲·德·拉·瓦利埃》(Louise de la Vallière)和《鐵面人》(The Man in the Iron Mask)。

五卷本通常不給各卷較小的部分命名。

達達尼安系列小說的兩部續集-《波爾托斯之子》和《達達尼安:造王者》-分別於1883年和1900年出版。達達尼安並未出現在第一本小說中,該小說雖由保羅·馬哈林所著,卻以筆名「亞歷山大·仲馬」發表,至今仍以此名銷售。第二本小說據稱是根據仲馬的一部戲劇改編的。仲馬本人於1870年去世。

“火槍手們毫無節制可言。他們點好幾瓶酒小酌,其中一人甚至喝光了整個酒窖的酒。”

  • The Three Musketeers, set in 1625; first published in serial form in the magazine Le Siècle between March and July 1844. Dumas claimed it was based on manuscripts he had discovered in the Bibliothèque Nationale.
  • Twenty Years After, set in 1648; serialized from January to August, 1845.
  • The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later, set between 1660 and 1673; serialized from October 1847 to January 1850. This vast novel has been split into three, four, or five volumes at various points.
    • In the three-volume edition, the novels are titled The Vicomte de Bragelonne, Louise de la Vallière and The Man in the Iron Mask.
    • In the four-volume edition, the novels are titled The Vicomte de Bragelonne, Ten Years Later, Louise de la Vallière and The Man in the Iron Mask.
    • The five-volume edition generally does not give titles to the smaller portions.
Two further sequels to the d'Artagnan books, the novels The Son of Porthos and D'Artagnan Kingmaker, were published respectively in 1883 and 1900. D'Artagnan does not appear in the first novel, which, although written by Paul Mahalin, was published under the pen name "Alexandre Dumas" and is still sold as such. The second novel was supposedly based on one of Dumas's plays. Dumas himself died in 1870.


“The musketeers know no moderation. They order multiple bottles of wine for a quick drink, and at one point, one of them consumes an entire wine cellar.”
Root-vegetable salad, eel marinière, and young rabbit fricassee.
THEPARISREVIEW.ORG



《大仲馬美食詞典》

 

大仲馬(Alexandre Dumas l8021870)《大仲馬美食詞典‧公雞》楊榮鑫譯, 南京:譯林出版社,201294-5頁:
拿破崙一世拒絕將古高盧的公雞放在旗上當徽識,因為牠會被狐狸吃掉。然而這不能代表民眾的想法。大仲馬說,「一言以蔽之,公雞是很招人愛的動物,漂亮 、勇敢、還有一副嘹亮的好嗓子,很好地代表法蘭西精神。……
 
作者:【法】大仲馬
譯者:楊榮鑫書名:
書名:《大仲馬美食詞典》
譯林出版社
【內容簡介】
被譽為“文壇火槍手”的法國著名作家大仲馬深受中國讀者喜愛,其作品《三個火槍手》、《基督山伯爵》自從被翻譯成中文以來,長銷不衰。這本《大仲馬美食詞典》正是大仲馬的臨終之作。
本書是一席由一個個詞條烹制而成的文學大餐, 法國的一切美食以及與美食相關的東西都囊括在內。與傳統詞典古板的寫作方式不同,大仲馬在製作詞條時加入了很多文學因子,凡與美食相關的名人逸事、神話傳 説、笑話、史料均在收錄之列,趣味盎然,讓人不忍釋卷,被普遍評價為“好看,好用”,成為法國文學和法式美食的傳世之作。
【作者簡介】
亞歷山大仲馬父子同名,都是著名的法國作家, 為便於區分,分別簡稱大仲馬和小仲馬。大仲馬(Alexandre Dumas,1802年7月24日~1870年12月5日)作品數量驚人,據他自己説有400到500部甚至更多,被譽為“文壇火槍手”。其作品《三個火 槍手》、《基督山伯爵》、《黑鬱金香》等膾炙人口、長銷不衰。
大仲馬是文壇巨擘,但對法國人而言,其熱愛美 食的名聲可能更甚。他耗費鉅資建立的基督山城堡,因其毫無限制大排筵宴,最終只能被拍賣處理,被世人評為“寫作使其富有,耽吃使其貧困”。而在財産與健康 盡失的晚年,他更以吃遍巴黎大小餐館為樂,每到一處,便寫下筆記心得,成了法國最早、也最富盛名的食評家,而各大食鋪的大廚也幾乎都成了他的好友。當時, 法國各大名廚無一不稱頌大仲馬為“知音”。
一方面,他是一位勤奮敬業的作家;另一方面,他是巴黎社交界名人,百無禁忌、揮霍無度、耽于口腹之欲。而這一切,最終造就了這位集文壇巨匠和美食大師于一身的絕世奇才。


2007.7 傳記故事(四):《三仲馬傳》





2004-10-07 18:14:58


本文旨在說明《三仲馬傳》值得一讀。如此而已。多取材網路。

《三仲馬傳》構思有趣、內容深入、發人深省。

A. 莫洛亞《三仲馬傳》(1957)郭安定譯,北京:人民文學出版社,1996
G.. Endore 《大仲馬傳》(King of Paris),陳秋帆由日文本轉譯(?),台北:新潮,1979

莫洛亞作品有一定的高水平,推薦。Endore 是小說/故事,翻譯不穩定(同一章中「旅館」、「旅店」並用—這可能是hotel之誤譯,所以我問rl:「有沒辦法查大仲馬(他有回憶錄)去巴黎闖天下在 某家「旅館」(??)與主人打撞球贏九(六)百杯苦艾酒(?)的人名地名?」因此他家鄉hotels何其多…)
【謝謝rl的指引:列網頁資料應該有你需要 的人、事、地、物
http://users.du.se/~kfr/books/ad-pere.htm


大仲馬(Alexandre Dumas l802~1870),法國19世紀的浪漫主義作家,好善樂施、慷慨解囊(他的錢都裝在教堂用之聖水器用任意取用)、性格俠義、反對不平、追求正義。他受 朋友感動、自學成才,一生寫過各種類型作品(達300卷之多),主要以小說和劇作著稱。大仲馬的小說,大都以真實的歷史作背景,以主人公的奇遇為內容,情 節曲折生動,處處出人意外,堪稱歷史驚險小說。大仲馬小說的特色:異乎尋常的理想英雄,急劇發展的故事情節,緊張的打鬥動作,清晰明朗的完整結構,生動有 力的語言,靈活機智的對話等。最著名的是 《三個火槍手》(1844 (583KB) )、《基督山伯爵》(1118KB)。這些作品可以 全文下載:
http://www.bx0414.com/wx/wg0002.htm


Alexandre Dumas, author of “The Three Musketeers,” was born on this day in 1802. Celebrate with today’s Artwork of the Day, selected by Leatitia Raiciulescu, Associate Collections Information Specialist.
Featured Artwork of the Day: Hans Shäufelein (German, ca. 1480 - ca. 1540) | Three Musketeers | n.d. http://met.org/1ItQrB1
Author of 'The Three Musketeers' Alexandre Dumas was born‪#‎onthisday‬ in 1802. He based many of D'Artagnan's exploits on the experiences of his father, a well-known general in Napoleon's army.





仲馬是Dumas,音作[‘dju.mas],或許家鄉話翻譯成「仲馬」?
林紓是閩南人,完全不懂法文也不懂英文,這位漢文界第一個聽譯者就說:「這實在是太好了,我要把它寫下來!」的名人(1899年),小說為「茶花女餘事」。


大仲馬說:我閉著眼睛寫作,我兒子睜著眼睛寫作。

以下摘自沒具名的<大仲馬的七重天>

父親、女人、友人、寫作、政治、旅行、烹飪,塑造了大仲馬絢爛多彩的人生,也是他的《三個火槍手》、《基督山伯爵》和《瑪戈皇后》等傳世之作的靈感來源。


Daily Highlights Tuesday, July 24, 2007
Spotlight
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Caricature of Dumas
As a Musketeer
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Alexandre Dumas was born on this date in 1802. Most famous for his novels The Three Musketeers (1844) and The Count of Monte Cristo (1845), he greatly influenced the development of both the historical novel and the serial novel in France. Dumas' work was extremely popular and he amassed great wealth — spending it as fast as he made it. His extravagant lifestyle and his habit of surrounding himself with friends who were happy to be recipients of his largess left him in debt much of his life. His son, Alexandre Dumas fils, was also a writer; he did not adopt his father's free-wheeling lifestyle.

Quote
"All human wisdom is summed up in two words — wait and hope."Alexandre Dumas


《三個火槍手》

The Three Musketeers
Dartagnan-musketeers.jpg
Image by Maurice Leloir, 1894
Author(s) Alexandre Dumas
in collaboration with Auguste Maquet
Original title Les Trois Mousquetaires
Country France
Language French
Genre(s) Historical novel
Publication date March–July 1844 (serialised)
Media type Print (Hardcover)
Followed by Twenty Years After, The Vicomte de Bragelonne
The Three Musketeers (French: Les Trois Mousquetaires) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, first serialized in March–July 1844. Set in the 17th century, it recounts the adventures of a young man named d'Artagnan after he leaves home to travel to Paris, to join the Musketeers of the Guard. D'Artagnan is not one of the musketeers of the title; those are his friends Athos, Porthos, and Aramis, inseparable friends who live by the motto "all for one, one for all" ("un pour tous, tous pour un"), a motto which is first put forth by d'Artagnan.[1]
The story of d'Artagnan is continued in Twenty Years After and The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later. Those three novels by Dumas are together known as the d'Artagnan Romances.
The Three Musketeers was first published in serial form in the newspaper Le Siècle between March and July 1844.
When Alexandre Dumas wrote The Three Musketeers he also was a practising fencer and like many other French gentlemen of his generation he attended the schools for Canne de combat and Savate of Michel Casseux, Charles Lecour[2] and Joseph Charlemont (who had been a regular fencing instructor in the French army).

 See The Three Musketeers in film for the numerous appearance of the characters in
太多電影改編:

TheThreeMusketeers2011Poster.jpg
Promotional film poster
Directed by Paul W. S. Anderson



/ Alexandre Dumas fils 小仲馬

The difference between genius and stupidity is: genius has its limits. /

天才與愚蠢的差別在於:天才也有其限制。

《茶花女》小說、劇本、歌劇、芭蕾 

 

小仲馬於1848年完成小說「茶花女」,隨即在1851年改編成劇本,隔 年威爾第又把它改編成歌劇。1898-1899年林紓、王壽昌用古文合譯出《巴黎茶花女遺事》*。

胡適之先生1926年夏旅歐時,在法京巴黎看過 《茶花女》一劇,當時觀眾許多人很感動---30年代  唯一有小說與劇本的是 《茶花女》, 所以值得研究它們。
先生日記上說,從小說到劇本, 剪裁的功夫最重要。

同年,1926年劉半農先生譯《茶花女劇本》。77劉半農還寫了《序》,末段說:「……然而我費了一個多月的工夫把這一齣戲譯出,意思裏可還希望國中能有什麼一個兩個人,能夠欣賞這一齣戲的藝術,能夠對於劇中人的情事,細細加以思索。……. 

趙元任根據好友劉半農的譯本譜成「茶花女中的飲酒歌」。趙元任自己很慶幸地說,他創作此曲時沒聽過威爾第的茶花女歌劇, 否則難免不受影響。

劉半農先生寫《因「茶花女」之公演而說幾句》 (1932.11.6) 、《甘苦之言---看「茶花女」之公演後寫》1926.11.20、《再寫幾句》第三段說有兩先生吵《茶花女》是林琴南或嚴復翻譯的…….末段:哈哈!昨天我看見陳衡哲女士,談起《新青年》時代的白話詩,她說「那是三代以上的事了」。徵之於此,豈不良信。

 *中國翻譯的台灣版

茶花女(小仲馬成名代表作)

 

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從小說到劇本  剪裁的功夫最重要
胡適1926年旅法時看過 《茶花女》一劇  當時觀眾許多人很感動
在30年代  唯一有小說與劇本的是 《茶花女》 所以值得研究它們


19世紀法國小說如巴爾扎克的《交際花盛衰記》、左拉的《娜娜》、以及小仲馬的《茶花女》,對於交際花的刻畫著墨甚多。馬色爾對於這些交際花十分好奇,經過再三探索之後,「才明白,這些無所事事卻又努力用心的女人,其動人之處就在於,貢獻出她的寬厚、才能、以及情感之美中具備的夢境。還有她們不費力氣就能擁有完美,用來豐富男人們的粗糙、缺乏文雅的生活,增添一些珍貴的嵌飾。」(第33頁)

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 買中文送英文版

  • 產品名稱:茶花女
  • ISBN編號: 9787542630506
  • 出版時間: 2009-5-1
  • 出版社: 上海三联书店
  • 頁數: 419
  • 版次印次: 1
  • 作者: (法)小仲马(Dumas,A.) 著,董强 译
  • 開本: 16开
  • 裝幀: 平装
  • 印數: 1
  • 字數: 177000

图书简介
《茶 花女》为我们塑造了一些生动、鲜明的艺术形象,而其中最突出、最令人难忘的自然是女主人公茶花女玛格丽特。读者们切莫把玛格丽特和阿尔丰西娜•普莱西小姐 混为一谈,阿尔丰西娜的身世固然值得同情,但她的的确确是个堕落的女人,用小仲马的话来说,她“既是一个纯洁无瑕的贞女,又是一个彻头彻尾的娼妇”。但玛 格丽特却不同,她美丽、聪明而又善良虽然沦落风尘,但依旧保持着一颗纯洁、高尚的心灵。她充满热情和希望地去追求真正的爱情生活,而当这种希望破灭之后, 又甘愿自我牺牲去成全他人。这一切都使这位为人们所不齿的烟花女子的形象闪烁着一种圣洁的光辉,以至于人们一提起“茶花女”这三个字的时候,首先想到的不 是什么下贱的妓女,而是一位美丽、可爱而又值得同情的女娃。古今中外的文学名著为人们留下了许许多多不朽的艺术形象,而玛格丽特则完全可以跻身其间而毫无 愧色。
.....

戲劇

「茶花女」沉默不語

《美國文化》 /美國歷任總統/Rethinking Camelot: JFK, the Vietnam War, and U.S. political culture. Eisenhower in War and Peace

《美國文化》 /美國歷任總統/Rethinking Camelot: JFK, the Vietnam War, and U.S. political culture. Eisenhower in War and Peace



Jean-Pierre Fichou 《美國文化》 (La Civilisation Americaine)宋亞克譯,台北:遠流1993
這本口袋型書是本簡單的美國文明論(章名:主編的話-譯序;緒論;幾種類型的解說;活力論;個人主義;資政;擴張主義;結論 譯名索引),當然值得翻譯。它的正文(含注)138,另有5頁索引 (粗糙,譬如說注有引艾森豪總統的話,無此索引)。不過這是本錯誤相當多的書。推測原因是譯者對美國史很陌生以及他對人名處理大而化之,通常只譯/寫姓;出版社無審稿制和索引編輯人;…..
人名注解錯誤至少有:德國社會學家Max Weber 弄成藝術家 (索引中的113頁無此人) ;兩位羅斯福總統搞混 ( T. Roosevelt 又名 FDR,第35頁FDR出現在頁69,索引全弄混。同樣的,書中泰勒至少兩人,內文和索引都弄混…..) 。J. Q. Adams是美國第8任總統,不是第6任

*****
美國歷任總統 是基本知識 包括一些父子或"家族"都當過總統的關係

譬如說 中國翻譯 Rethinking Camelot: JFK, the Vietnam War, and U.S. political culture
作者:Noam Chomsky 反思肯尼迪王朝 上海譯文 2006

將Jackson 總統的 印地安人遷徙法 翻譯成Jefferson 總統 頁7

Rethinking Camelot: JFK, the Vietnam War, and U.S. political culture - Google 圖書結果



PresidentPolitical PartyDates in OfficeVice President(s)
George Washington
1789-97John Adams
John AdamsFederalist1797-1801Thomas Jefferson
Thomas JeffersonDemocratic-Republican1801-9Aaron Burr, 1801-5George Clinton, 1805-9
James MadisonDemocratic-Republican1809-17George Clinton, 1809-12(no Vice President, Apr., 1812-Mar., 1813)Elbridge Gerry, 1813-14(no Vice President, Nov., 1814-Mar., 1817)
James MonroeDemocratic-Republican1817-25Daniel D. Tompkins
John Quincy AdamsDemocratic-Republican1825-29John C. Calhoun
Andrew JacksonDemocratic1829-37John C. Calhoun, 1829-32(no Vice President, Dec., 1832-Mar., 1833)Martin Van Buren, 1833-37
Martin Van BurenDemocratic1837-41Richard M. Johnson
William Henry HarrisonWhig1841John Tyler
John TylerWhig1841-45(no Vice President)
James Knox PolkDemocratic1845-49George M. Dallas
Zachary TaylorWhig1849-50Millard Fillmore
Millard FillmoreWhig1850-53(no Vice President)
Franklin PierceDemocratic1853-57William R. King, 1853(no Vice President, Apr., 1853-Mar., 1857)
James BuchananDemocratic1857-61John C. Breckinridge
Abraham LincolnRepublican1861-65Hannibal Hamlin, 1861-65Andrew Johnson, 1865
Andrew JohnsonDemocratic/National Union1865-69(no Vice President)
Ulysses Simpson GrantRepublican1869-77Schuyler Colfax, 1869-73Henry Wilson, 1873-75(no Vice President, Nov., 1875-Mar., 1877)
Rutherford Birchard HayesRepublican1877-81William A. Wheeler
James Abram GarfieldRepublican1881Chester A. Arthur
Chester Alan ArthurRepublican1881-85(no Vice President)
Grover ClevelandDemocratic1885-89Thomas A. Hendricks, 1885(no Vice President, Nov., 1885-Mar., 1889)
Benjamin HarrisonRepublican1889-93Levi P. Morton
Grover ClevelandDemocratic1893-97Adlai E. Stevenson
William McKinleyRepublican1897-1901Garret A. Hobart, 1897-99(no Vice President, Nov., 1899-Mar., 1901)Theodore Roosevelt, 1901
Theodore RooseveltRepublican1901-9(no Vice President, Sept., 1901-Mar., 1905)Charles W. Fairbanks, 1905-9
William Howard TaftRepublican1909-13James S. Sherman, 1909-12(no Vice President, Oct., 1912-Mar., 1913)
Woodrow WilsonDemocratic1913-21Thomas R. Marshall
Warren Gamaliel HardingRepublican1921-23Calvin Coolidge
Calvin CoolidgeRepublican1923-29(no Vice President, 1923-25)Charles G. Dawes, 1925-29
Herbert Clark HooverRepublican1929-33Charles Curtis
Franklin Delano RooseveltDemocratic1933-45John N. Garner, 1933-41Henry A. Wallace, 1941-45Harry S. Truman, 1945
Harry S. TrumanDemocratic1945-53(no Vice President, 1945-49)Alben W. Barkley, 1949-53
Dwight David EisenhowerRepublican1953-61Richard M. Nixon
John Fitzgerald KennedyDemocratic1961-63Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon Baines JohnsonDemocratic1963-69(no Vice President, 1963-65)Hubert H. Humphrey, 1965-69
Richard Milhous NixonRepublican1969-74Spiro T. Agnew, 1969-73(no Vice President, Oct. 10, 1973-Dec. 6, 1973)Gerald R. Ford, 1973-74
Gerald Rudolph FordRepublican1974-77(no Vice President, Aug. 9, 1974-Dec. 19, 1974)Nelson A. Rockefeller, 1974-77
Jimmy CarterDemocratic1977-81Walter F. Mondale
Ronald Wilson ReaganRepublican1981-89George H.W. Bush
George Herbert Walker BushRepublican1989-93J. Danforth Quayle
Bill ClintonDemocratic1993-2001Albert Gore, Jr.
George Walker BushRepublican2001-9Dick Cheney
Barack Hussein ObamaDemocratic2009-Joseph R. Biden, Jr.



"The Battle of the Bulge cost the Germans between 80,000 and 100,000 men, plus the bulk of Hitler's armored reserve. The Wehrmacht might continue to fight a defensive war in the west, but it was no longer capable of offensive action. American losses totaled 80,987 (killed, wounded, captured, or missing), making it the most costly battle in American history since Grant's campaign in northern Virginia in 1864.
"Eisenhower is to blame for the broad-front-strategy that stretched Allied lines so thin that German armor had little difficulty breaking through. With a candor that is rare among military commanders, Ike later accepted full responsibility. 'If giving him [Hitler] that chance is to be condemned by historians, their condemnations should be directed at me alone.' Eisenhower can also be faulted for permitting the enemy to make a measured retreat from the Bulge without attempting to cut them off. Patton and Montgomery battered the Germans relentlessly, but little effort was made to prevent their retreat or to surround them.
"By the same token, Eisenhower is entitled to full credit for the victory. From the start of the German offensive, he showed a quicker grasp of the situation than any of his subordinates, and he acted decisively to contain the attack. The width of the breakthrough was restricted; the strategic reserves were quickly deployed at Bastogne and Saint-Vith, and when Bradley lost contact with the First and Ninth armies, Ike turned the American forces over the Montgomery. Perhaps above all, Eisenhower had the nerve to allow the German advance to continue until it ran out of steam, and then deliver massive counterattacks from the south under Patton, and from the north under Montgomery."
"Ulysses S. Grant, reflecting on his experience as a young lieutenant during the Mexican War, wrote the following appraisal of his commander General Zachary Taylor -- 'Old Rough and Ready': 'No soldier could face danger or responsibility more calmly than he. These qualities are more rarely found than genius or physical courage.'
"Patton and Montgomery approached the level of military genius, and their physical courage was beyond doubt. But it was Eisenhower who accepted responsibility. 'In his career as Supreme Commander there was perhaps no other time when Eisenhower revealed so clearly the greatness of his qualities,' wrote historian Chester Wilmot, who had covered the Battle of the Bulge as a war correspondent."
-- Jean Edward Smith, in his book Eisenhower in War and Peace

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(編按:選戰期間,有次連勝文回答趙少康有關中韓通過FTA的提問,整個回覆,他的每個字、每一句大家其實都聽得懂,可是就是不知道他在講什麼。我於是寫了篇短文,把Noam Chomsky(杭士基)的一句話跟連勝文「神回答」擺在一起講,杭士基的那句話:「Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.」其中的文法結構完全無誤,可是你就是不知道這句話在講什麼。
今天,我特別將1992年1月出版的《給我報報001》其中一篇文章刊在此,旨在說明,杭士基的那個概念,二十多年前,就已經影響了我的報報體白目寫作。)
【假日後症候群之探討與透視──兼論中、西醫之異同與整合】
最近幾年,由於解嚴、解禁的關係,我們的社會滋生出一種新的疾病,這就是許多人聞之色變的「假日後症候群」,這種疾病,根據最新的統計,它危害社會與民族,其威力竟然不亞於投擲於日本廣島的原子彈。
「假日後症候群」(以下簡稱「Z」)的成因,中、西醫的看法截然不同。(其實,中、西醫的看法什麼時候截然相同過?中醫的手指和西醫的聽筒竟然扮演相同的角色,這也實在太離奇了吧?)中醫普遍認為,Z之所以形成,還是和「氣」有關係,也就是說,任、督二脈沒有打通的關係。
任、督二脈沒有打通,有時嚴重起來就很嚴重了,這是中醫界普遍的看法,仔細研究這種講法,竟然也言之成理。
可是西醫界偏說,Z的成因乃是濾過性病毒引起,因此,Z是傳染起來極為可怕的一種疾病,有時嚴重起來也的確很嚴重,這種西醫界普遍的看法,仔細研究起來,竟然也言之成理。(噢!這是多麼諷刺的巧合啊!中醫與西醫,有點「漢賊不兩立」味道的這兩大著名學術團體,在此,1991年的2月,竟然冤家路窄地有著幾乎相同的見解,即,「嚴重起來也的確很嚴重」。)
不過,不論Z之成因為何,和中醫及西醫都沒有關係的企業主管們則普遍認為,Z之危害社會與民族,其威力實在不亞於投擲於日本長崎的原子彈。
廣島與長崎,都曾經挨過原子彈,這是全世界人民都承認的一個事實,由此推之,Z之危害我社會與我民族,便也成了全世界必須承認的一個事實。
如果(記著,我說「如果」),如果廣島與長崎當初沒有挨過原子彈,那,這又將是一個截然不同的論戰了,而這論戰,我們有理由相信,絕對不亞於解嚴、解禁之前曾經發生過的鄉土派與現代派之間的論戰。
再回過頭來談Z吧。
Z的治療,中、西醫之間的看法,不用我贅述,當然還是截然不同。
中醫普遍認為,要治療Z,以針灸和推拿混和使用的療法基本上是可行的,當然,如果治療時再配合一指神功及瑜珈氣功原理,則百分之七十八的病人,將有治癒的機會。
西醫則普遍以為,要治療Z,非乞求弗洛依德學派一脈相傳之弗氏原理方得成其功。當然,在治療過程中,稍有不慎,整排牙齒都會掉光(即俗稱之牙周病)。
(中、西醫看法之迥異,於此再得到證明。)
不過,不論中、西醫如何治療Z,與中醫及西醫都沒有淵源之企業主管們則普遍認為,最有效的Z療法,即是將其開除。
這當然是簡單、明瞭多了,據說也頗有效。
最後,在討論「假日後症候群」的同時,我們還不能忽略的是,如果一個辦公室有八人以上患上此病,則辦公室的景象將是:
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z …………。
(圖片取材自杭士基網站,攝影者為Oliver Abraham。)

The Soviet Century"The Soviet Mind: Russian Culture Under Communism" by Isaiah. Berlin《苏联的心灵》 作者:(英)以赛亚·伯林

The Soviet Century"The Soviet Mind: Russian Culture Under Communism" by Isaiah. Berlin《苏联的心灵》 作者:(英)以赛亚·伯林



"The Soviet Mind: Russian Culture Under Communism" by Isaiah. Berlin《苏联的心灵》 作者:(英)以赛亚·伯林


,版本:译林出版社,2010年7月版,定价:28.00元 《苏联的心灵》收录了以赛亚·伯林关于苏联 的一些从未发表过的文章。既有对二战后他与帕斯捷尔纳克和阿赫玛托娃等苏联作家的几次著名会晤的记叙,也有他呈交给英国外交部的关于斯大林统治下 苏联艺术状况的公文。以赛亚·伯林对俄国知识阶层有深刻的同情与了解,他为我们描述了一段知识分子的心路。 



The Soviet Mind: Russian Culture Under Communism


Isaiah Berlin, Henry Hardy, Strobe Talbott - 2004 - 296 pages
books.google.com


glam·our glam·or (glăm'ər) pronunciation
also
n.
  1. An air of compelling charm, romance, and excitement, especially when delusively alluring.
  2. Archaic. A magic spell; enchantment.

[Scots, magic spell, alteration of GRAMMAR (from the association of learning with magic).]

USAGE NOTE Many words, such as honor, vapor, and labor, are usually spelled with an -or ending in American English but with an -our ending in British English. The preferred spelling of glamour, however, is -our, making it an exception to the usual American practice. The adjective is more often spelled glamorous in both American and British usage.


Outis or Utis or Utisz or ουτις or OYTIΣ (pronounced: "outis") – means Nobody is an often used pseudonym. Artists, writers and others in public life use this pseudonym in order to hide their identity.

Contents [hide]

Origin of the name

Blinding of the Cyclops

"OYTIΣ" was used as a pseudonym by the Homeric hero Odysseus, who fought Polyphemus Cyclops, and had put out the monster's eye. Polyphemus shouted in pain to the other Cyclopes of the island that "Nobody" was trying to kill him, so no one came to his rescue. The story of the Cyclops can be found in the song of the Odyssey, chapter 9 (in the Cyclopeia). The name Nobody can be found in five different lines of Chapter 9. First of all in line 366:

  • "'Cyclops, you asked my noble name, and I will tell it; but do you give the stranger's gift, just as you promised. My name is Nobody. Nobody I am called by mother, father, and by all my comrades.'

Then in line 369:

  • "So I spoke, and from a ruthless heart he straightway answered: 'Nobody I eat up last, after his comrades; all the rest first; and that shall be the stranger's gift for you.'

Then in line 408:

  • "Then in his turn from out the cave big Polyphemus answered: 'Friends, Nobody is murdering me by craft. Force there is none. But answering him in winged words they said: If nobody harms you when you are left alone, illness which comes from mighty Zeus you cannot fly. But make your prayer to your father, lord Poseidon".

In line 455:

  • "Are you sorry because that wicked Nobody brought your master down with drink and blinded him?".

And in line 460:

  • "I should thus have some revenge for the harm that no-good Nobody has done me".

People with this pseudonym

Edgar Allan Poe
  • Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849) In the New York Evening Mirror (January 14, 1845), Edgar Allan Poe launched an article denouncing the well-known poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow as a plagiarist. Longfellow remained silent on the matter, but a defender for Longfellow did appear, an anonymous writer who signed his letters only as "Outis," meaning "nobody." A great deal of speculation has centered around the identity of Outis, several scholars agree that he was none other than Poe himself. They believe that Poe himself wrote the defense of Longfellow, so Poe and Outis are the same person.
  • Henry Stevens of Vermont (1845 - 1886) American rare book dealer in England. He graduated from Yale. In 1845 he went to London 'on a book-hunting expedition' and remained there until his death. As an antiquarian he helped to build up several great American libraries. In 1877 under the pseudonym of ' Mr. Secretary Outis,' he projected and initiated a literary Association entitled The Hercules Club.
Hablot Knight Browne: illustration for David Copperfield
  • Hablot Knight Browne (1815 – 1882) British graphic artist, well known as Charles Dickens's illustrator. Among others he illustrated The Pickwick Papers, David Copperfield and Martin Chuzzlewit. Browne adopted the pseudonym "N. E. M. O." (Latin for "Nobody." Soon, however, he became "Phiz," this artistic pseudonym well suited for the creator of "phizzes"—delightful caricatures, as seen in his illustrations.
Camille Claudel
  • Camille Claudel (1864 –1943) French sculptor and graphic artist (she was Auguste Rodin's model, student and lover) had a domesticated canary (Serinus canaria) with this name: Nemo. The small songbird was mentioned as alter ego of Camille Claudel in some personal letters by Rodin.
Utisz: Self portrait
  • István Orosz (1951-) Hungarian visual artist often used pseudonym is Utisz (the Hungarian spelling of the Greek name "ουτις," or "OYTIΣ", pronounced: "outis") The hidden meaning of the ancient tale is very close to the visual pitfalls created by István Orosz. He likes to use visual paradox, double meaning images and optical illusion – all of them are some kind of attack upon the eye, an Odysseus' gesture in a symbolic way.

"Orosz doubles even himself: from time to time, he signs his works as Utisz, the pseudonym borrowed from Cyclopeia. The most artful Greek, Odysseus, also used as a pseudonym the word meaning No-man, and as we know, with that exchange of names, then Polyphemos the Cyclops’ eye came into the world. The gouging out of the eye, or deception to the eye, also accompanied the works of Orosz/Utisz, if only metaphorically. Trompe l’oeil – we refer with an art historical expression to those images in which illusion guides the gaze. Orosz often uses such artifice, though he is completely aware of the danger of these deceptive procedures. He put it this way at a symposium a few years back: I hope my intentions are clear, in the ambitions of a Hungarian artist at the turn of the century, who does not tell the truth only to be caught in the act." (Introduction by Guy d'Obonner)

  • No One is a nu metal music group from Chicago, Illinois. The original name of the four-piece band was Black Talon. They are active from 1994.
  • Nobody (band), a Japanese rock duo consisting of Yukio Aizawa (相沢 行夫) and Toshio Kihara (木原 俊雄)
  • Noname is a penname of Harold Cohen (1854-1927) American author. He wrote science fiction novels under the pseudonyms Harry Enton and "Noname." After some titles his well known series Frank Reade was continued by Luis Senarens (1865-1939) who used "Noname" as well.
Captain Nemo
Little Nemo

See also

István Orosz: Three Islands

External links


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