書名 Fearful symmetry 出自 William Blake 的詩The Tyger：
當然， Northrop Frye在前言中說，William Blake曾在拿破崙威力下寫法國革命，他在二戰希特勒威力下寫他的博士論文 William Blake研究。
然而，為何 Fearful symmetry遲至1969年才出版呢：因為寫William Blake，閱讀要博(extensive reading)而精 (intensive reading)，博士論文以後者為主
The Tyger
Tyger Tyger, burning bright,
In the forests of the night;
What immortal hand or eye,
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant deeps or skies.
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand, dare seize the fire?
And what shoulder, & what art,
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
And when thy heart began to beat,
What dread hand? & what dread feet?
What the hammer? what the chain,
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? what dread grasp,
Dare its deadly terrors clasp!
When the stars threw down their spears
And water'd heaven with their tears:
Did he smile his work to see?
Did he who made the Lamb make thee?
Tyger Tyger burning bright,
In the forests of the night:
What immortal hand or eye,
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?
卞之琳譯文
老虎！老虎！火一樣輝煌，
燒穿了黑夜的森林和草莽，
什麼樣非凡的手和眼睛
能塑造你一身驚人的勻稱？
什麼樣遙遠的海底、天邊
燒出了做你眼睛的火焰？
跨什麼翅膀膽敢去淩空？
憑什麼鐵掌抓一把火種？
什麼樣工夫，什麼樣胳膊，
拗得成你五臟六腑的筋絡？
等到你的心一開始蹦跳，
什麼樣驚心動魄的手腳？
什麼樣鐵鍊？什麼樣鐵錘？
什麼樣熔爐裡煉你的腦髓？
什麼樣鐵砧？什麼樣猛勁
一下子掐住了駭人的雷霆？
到臨了，星星扔下了金槍，
千萬滴眼淚灑遍了穹蒼，
完工了再看看．他可會笑笑？
不就是造羊的把你也造了？
老虎！老虎！火一樣輝煌，
燒穿了黑夜的森林和草莽，
什麼樣非凡的手和眼睛
敢塑造你一身驚人的勻稱？
徐志摩譯文
猛虎，猛虎，火焰似的燒紅
在深夜的莽叢
何等神明的巨眼或是手
能擘畫你的駭人的雄厚？
在何等遙遠的海底還是天頂
燒著你眼火的純晶？
跨什麼翅膀他膽敢飛騰？
憑什麼手敢擒住那威棱？
是何等肩腕，是何等神通，
能雕鏤你的藏府的系統？
等到你的心開始了活跳，
何等震驚的手，何等震驚的腳？
椎的是什麼錘？使的是什麼練？
在什麼洪爐裡熬煉你的腦液？
什麼砧座？什麼駭異的拿把
膽敢它的兇惡的驚怕擒抓？
當群星放射它們的金芒，
滿天上氾濫著它們的淚光，
見到他的工程，他露不露笑容?
造你的不就是那造小羊的神工?
猛虎，猛虎，火焰似的燒紅
在深夜的莽叢，
何等神明的巨眼或是手
膽敢擘畫你的驚人的雄厚？
Fearful Symmetry: A Study of William Blake 1969
Fearful symmetry : a study of William Blake / edited by Nicholas Halmi.
Frye, Northrop, 1912-1991.
c2004.
圖書
Fearful symmetry; a study of William Blake / by Northrop Frye.
Frye, Northrop.
1974, c1969.
Princeton paperbacks.
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Fearful Symmetry: A Study of William Blake
Cover of the first edition
Author Northrop Frye
Country United States
Language English
Genre Literary criticism
Publisher Princeton University Press
Publication date 1947
Media type Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages 462
OCLC 29097
Dewey Decimal 821.7
LC Class PR4147 .F7 1969
Fearful Symmetry: A Study of William Blake is a 1947 book by Canadian literary critic Northrop Frye whose subject is the work of English poet and visual artist William Blake. The book has been hailed as one of the most important contributions to the study of William Blake and one of the very first that embarked on the interpretation of many of Blake's most obscure works.[1] As Frye himself acknowledges, Blake's work is not to be deciphered but interpreted and seen within its specific historical and social contexts.[2]
In his preface of the 1969 edition, Frye writes:
"I wrote Fearful Symmetry during the Second World War, and hideous as the time was, it provided some parallels with Blake's time which were useful for understanding Blake's attitude to the world. Today, now that reactionary and radical forces alike are once more in the grip of the nihilistic psychosis that Blake described so powerfully in Jerusalem, one of the most hopeful signs is the immensely increased sense of the urgency and immediacy of what Blake had to say".[3]
Reception[edit]
Literary critic Camille Paglia writes in Sexual Personae (1990), that Fearful Symmetry is a "pioneering study", but that Frye "optimistically promotes sexual liberation in a way that seems, a weary generation later, simplistic and naive."[4]
References[edit]
^ Alan Mendelson, Frye and the Word: religious contexts in the writings of Northrop Frye (University of Toronto Press, 2003) ISBN 0-8020-8813-9
^ Richard Dellamora (editor), Postmodern apocalypse: theory and cultural practice at the end, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995), ISBN 0-8122-1558-3, Page 122
^ Northrop Frye, Fearful Symmetry: a study of William Blake (Princeton University Press, 1969)
^ Paglia, Camille (1990). Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson. London: Yale University Press. p. 270. ISBN 0-300-04396-1.
External links[edit]
Fearful Symmetry at Google Books
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