2020年4月29日 星期三

Makers across America are helping to alleviate the PPE shortage. D.I.Y. Coronavirus Solutions Are Gaining Steam. 制作N95防护罩； Makers: The New Industrial Revolution《創客：新工業革命》《自造者：新工業革命》






3D printers can't compete on cost and efficiency with huge assembly lines, but they give American manufacturing a nimble, local backstop


ECONOMIST.COM
Makers across America are helping to alleviate the PPE shortage
A valiant attempt to compensate for the federal government’s failure




住在美国维吉尼亚州的杰里米，守着家里两台3D打印机24小时不间断地制作N95防护罩，希望在最短时间内送到一线。
“大家都听说了口罩严重短缺，所以我想帮他们提高口罩免受污染的可能，” 他说。
此外，杰里米坚持不收取任何费用，他认为对抗新冠病毒的医疗人员“都正面对着枪林弹雨般的威胁，他们不应该为此买单”。
杰里米和妻子艾米的这项防护罩计划在网上获得广大回响。 “最温暖的是这些反馈重新燃起我的信念，就是人们愿意共患难，这是我过去很难相信的，”杰里米说。





 Chris Anderson (May 2, 2013). "20 Years of Wired: Maker Movement". Wired magazine.

 Mauroner, O. (2017). "Makers, hackers, DIY-innovation, and the strive for entrepreneurial opportunities". International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. 31 (1): 32–46. doi:10.1504/IJESB.2017.10004600.

The maker culture is a contemporary culture or subculture representing a technology-based extension of DIY culture[citation needed] that intersects with hacker culture (which is less concerned with physical objects as it focuses on software) and revels in the creation of new devices as well as tinkering with existing ones. The maker culture in general supports open-source hardware. Typical interests enjoyed by the maker culture include engineering-oriented pursuits such as electronics, robotics, 3-D printing, and the use of Computer Numeric Control tools, as well as more traditional activities such as metalworking, woodworking, and, mainly, its predecessor, traditional arts and crafts. The subculture stresses a cut-and-paste approach to standardized hobbyist technologies, and encourages cookbook re-use of designs published on websites and maker-oriented publications.[1][2] There is a strong focus on using and learning practical skills and applying them to reference designs.[3] There is also growing work on equity and the maker culture.

自造者（英語：Maker，又譯為「創客」）概念來源於英文Maker和Hacker兩詞的綜合釋義，它是指一群酷愛科技、熱衷實踐的人群，他們以分享技術、交流思想為樂，以自造者為主體的社區（Makerspace）則成了自造者文化的載體。


隨著《連線》雜誌主編克里斯·安德森（克瑞斯·安德森 (作家)）的《自造者：新工業革命》一書的熱賣，這一人群隨即引起了社會各界的目光。
《創客：新工業革命》北京：中信，2012

  • MAKERS―21世紀の産業革命が始まる、 ISBN 4140815760
  • 週刊 東洋経済 2013年 1/12号、 ASIN B00AQKDR6I
  • ものづくり革命 パーソナル・ファブリケーションの夜明け、ISBN 4797333146
  • メイカーズのエコシステム、ISBN 480209065X
Makers: The New Industrial Revolution is the third book written by Chris Anderson, Editor in chief of Wired magazine. The book was published on October 2, 2012, by Crown Business.[1] He is also the author of The Long Tail, published in 2006. Makers focuses on a new industrial revolution as modern entrepreneurs, using open source design and 3-D printing, bring manufacturing to the desktop.[2][3]
The book is largely based on his 2010 article, "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits".[4] The ideas he portrayed, such as crowdsourcing of ideas, utilization of available lower-cost design and manufacturing tools, and reviewing options to outsource capital-intensive manufacturing were highlighted in the February 2010 Harvard Business Review article, "From Do It Yourself to Do It Together".[5]

Overview[edit]

We’re now entering the third industrial revolution, Anderson said. The first one, which began with the spinning jenny in 1776, doubled the human life span and set population soaring. From the demographic perspective, "it’s as if nothing happened before the Industrial Revolution."
The next revolution was digital. Formerly industrial processes like printing were democratized with desktop publishing. The "cognitive surplus" of formerly passive consumers was released into an endless variety of personal creativity. Then distribution was democratized by the Web, which is "scale agnostic and credentials agnostic." Anyone can potentially reach 7 billion people.
The third revolution is digital manufacturing, which combines the gains of the first two revolutions. Factory robots, which anyone can hire, have become general purpose and extremely fast. They allow "lights-out manufacturing," that goes all night and all weekend.
"This will reverse the arrow of globalization," Anderson said. "The centuries of quest for cheaper labor is over. Labor arbitrage no longer drives trade." The advantages of speed and flexibility give the advantage to "locavore" manufacturing because "Closer is faster." Innovation is released from the dead weight of large-batch commitments. Designers now can sit next to the robots building their designs and make adjustments in real time.
— Stewart Brand, longnow.org[6]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Makers: The New Industrial Revolution Hardcover by Chris Anderson". goodreads.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  2. ^ "Makers: The New Industrial Revolution Hardcover by Chris Anderson". amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  3. ^ Anderson, Chris (2010-01-25). "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits". wired.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  4. ^ Schawbel, Dan (2012-04-10). "Chris Anderson: How the Makers Will Create a New Industrial Revolution". forbes.com. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  5. ^ "From Do It Yourself to Do It Together". hbr.org. February 18, 2010. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
  6. ^ Brand, Stewart. "Desktop manufacturing changes world". longnow.org. Retrieved 2014-11-15.

External links[edit]

相關活動[編輯]

Maker Faire是為Maker打造的國際平台，通過嘉年華的形式，期待Maker能在快樂的氣氛中，分享作品並激發更多的創意。在台灣，由泰電電業-馥林文化引進並舉辦 Maker Faire Taipei，自2013年以來連續舉辦五屆Maker Faire Taipei，累積總參觀人數已經超過十萬人次。身為台灣連結創客教育與科技產業的最大平台，2017年更領先全球推出創客藝術展，表現台灣Maker融合深厚人文底蘊與趣味互動科技的創作實力。
大港自造節Mega Maker Day是南台灣最盛大的自造者節慶，由M.ZONE大港自造特區執行長楊育修先生策劃發起，自2016年舉辦至今，即將邁入第四屆於2019年十二月初，每年創造2萬多人次的佳績，讓南台灣的自造者運動持續蓬勃發展，主辦方M.ZONE自造者特區位於高雄駁二，擁有數十種幾具設備，是南台灣最大的自造者空間。

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