史坦貝克（John Ernst Steinbeck）
（西元1902.2.27—1968.12.20）
美國小說家。從史丹福大學退學後，立志成為作家。作品中對移民工人的底層生活多所描述。為1962年諾貝爾文學獎的得主。著名小說包括《憤怒的葡萄》與《月亮下去了》等。
咱們得忍耐才行呀。因為，湯姆，就算是全世界的人都消失了，就只有咱們（窮人）還可以繼續安然生存；因為，像是湯姆啦、還有咱們啦，都鐵定能夠活下去的嘛。那些傢伙（富人）怎可能剷除消滅我們呢？因為，咱們可是活生生的人，活得可好的呢。……有錢人在世時雖然威風八面，可他死掉以後，家業交到不成材的兒孫們手中，也就全被敗得一毛不剩了。不過呢，湯姆，咱們可是一代接著一代生生不息呢，根本沒啥好怕的。湯姆，這世界可是正在改變呢。
節自《憤怒的葡萄》
"15 Books to Read Around the Campfire," including IN THE WOODS and TRAVELS WITH CHARLEY: bit.ly/2sIUNCB
梅英東最喜愛的作家是諾貝爾文學獎得主、曾當過記者的史坦貝克。史坦貝克小說中的人物，大多是經濟大蕭條時代被輾壓的底層工農人物。
「史坦貝克以前也是記者，他常把新聞故事發展成小說，你住在某地，學習當地的歷史，訪問人，然後你寫小說。我就是在學史坦貝克這件事，我跟著和平隊去某個地方住，然後開始寫作。」
我問梅英東，「你的學生現在還讀史坦貝克嗎？」他給我一個無奈的表情：「他們不讀，但我『強迫』他們讀史坦貝克，還有海明威、歐威爾、吳爾芙……。人們常問：『你如何成為一名作家？』我說就是不停地讀。但我的學生不這麼認為，他們只想寫自己媽媽的故事，我說老天，我再也無法讀更多媽媽的故事了！」https://www.twreporter.org/a/michael-meyer-interview
Today is the 48th anniversary of the death of John Steinbeck, Author (1902-1968), winner of the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Steinbeck was one of the most popular and decorated American writers of the mid-twentieth century, and many of his books—which include The Grapes of Wrath (winner of the 1940 Pulitzer Prize), Of Mice and Men, East of Eden and many others—continue to be read and loved by millions today.
Travels with Charley By John Steinbeck
Travels with Charley: In Search of America is a travelogue written by American author John Steinbeck. It depicts a 1960 road trip around the United States made by Steinbeck, in the company of his standard poodle, Charley. Wikipedia
Originally published: 1962
《查理與我：史坦貝克攜犬橫越美國》 Travels with Charley: In Search of America 約翰史坦貝克著，麥慧芬譯，台北：馬可孛羅出版社，2003，頁127
There in the quiet, with the wind flicking tree branches and distorting the water’s mirror, I cooked improbable dinners in my disposable aluminum pans, made coffee so rich and sturdy it would float a nail, and, sitting on my own back doorsteps, could finally come to think about what I had seen and try to arrange some pattern of thought to accommodate the teemingcrowds of my seeing and hearing.
January 09, 2013
閱讀
50年後諾貝爾文學獎的「幽靈」
2013年01月09日
When their best-laid schemes of mice and men, and authors and writing,
went awry, the members of the Swedish Academy made the best of what they
thought was a bad situation in 1962: they awarded the Nobel Prize in
Literature to John Steinbeck.
The decision came amid their general dissatisfaction with the
candidates for the prize that year, according to documents recently
released by the academy.
1962年，瑞典學院(Swedish
Academy)的成員們在“人鼠之間”、作家與作品之間所做的精心計劃出了問題，只好在糟糕的狀況下做出他們認為最佳的選擇，於是把諾貝爾文學獎頒給了
約翰·斯坦貝克(John Steinbeck)。根據學會最近披露的文件，當年評委們在文學獎得主問題上存在很大分歧，因此才最終做出了這個決定。
As has become its
custom, after a 50-year waiting period the Swedish Academy released
documents on the internal deliberation of its committee members as well
as a privately kept shortlist for the literary prize, The Guardian said, citing a report in the Svenska Dagbladet of Stockholm.
《衛報》引用斯德哥爾摩《瑞典日報》(Svenska Dagbladet)上的一篇報道，稱根據慣例，瑞典學院在50年保密期後公開了評獎委員會成員的內部評議文件，以及一份秘密保存的文學獎候選人最終名單。
According to The
Guardian, 66 authors were put forward for the literature Nobel in 1962,
and the list was narrowed down to Steinbeck, Robert Graves, Lawrence
Durrell, Karen Blixen and Jean Anouilh. But after looking at the field
of contenders a committee member, Henry Olsson, wrote, "There aren't any
obvious candidates for the Nobel prize and the prize committee is in an
unenviable situation."
根據《衛報》報道，1962年，有66位
作家被提名為文學獎得主，最終名單被縮小到斯坦貝克、羅伯特·格雷夫斯(Robert Graves)、勞倫斯·德雷爾(Lawrence
Durrell)、卡倫·布里森(Karen Blixen)和讓·阿努依(Jean
Anouilh)。但在看過全部候選人之後，評委會成員亨利·奧爾森(Henry
Olsson)寫道：“諾貝爾獎沒有脫穎而出的候選人，評獎委員不是什麼美差。”
Blixen, the Danish
author who wrote "Out of Africa" under the pen name Isak Dinesen, became
ineligible when she died in September 1962. Graves, whose novels
included "I, Claudius," was nonetheless regarded primarily as a poet and
Olsson, The Guardian said, was reluctant to give the prize to an
Anglo-Saxon poet until Ezra Pound, whose work he greatly admired, died.
(Although Olsson objected to Pound's politics.) Durrell's series of
novels "The Alexandria Quartet" was not yet considered a significantly
substantial body of work (the author had also been passed over in 1961),
while Anouilh, the French dramatist, had the bad fortune to come
between the 1960 Nobel victory of his countryman Saint-John Perse and
the ascent of Jean-Paul Sartre, who would win in 1964.
丹麥作家布里森曾以伊薩克·迪內森
(Isak Dinesen)為筆名創作了《走出非洲》(Out of
Africa)，她於1962年9月逝世，因此失去了獲獎資格。格雷夫斯的小說包括《我，克勞迪斯》(I,
Claudius)，但他主要被人們視為詩人。根據《衛報》報道，奧爾森不願把諾貝爾文學獎頒發給盎格魯-撒克遜詩人，直到埃茲拉·龐德(Ezra
Pound)去世之後，他非常熱愛龐德的作品，儘管不贊同龐德的政治觀點。德雷爾的系列小說《亞歷山大四重奏》(The Alexandria
Quartet)在當時還沒有被公認為傑作，作者亦已於1961年逝世。而法國劇作家阿努依則是運氣不佳，因為1960年諾貝爾文學獎剛剛授予他的同胞聖
瓊·佩斯(Saint-John Perse)，與此同時正值讓-保羅·薩特(Jean-Paul
Sartre)崛起，後來薩特於1964年獲得諾貝爾獎。
So the prize was
given to Steinbeck, whose body of work consisted merely of such enduring
novels as "Of Mice and Men," "The Grapes of Wrath," "Cannery Row" and
"East of Eden." In awarding the Nobel to Steinbeck, the Swedish Academy offered no public hint of its internal weariness, citing him
for being among "the masters of modern American literature" and "for
his realistic as well as imaginative writings, distinguished by a
sympathetic humor and a keen social perception."
於是這個獎就落入斯坦貝克囊中，他的全部
作品其實只有幾部較為持久不衰的小說，諸如《人鼠之間》(Of Mice and Men)、《憤怒的葡萄》(The Grapes of
Wrath)、《罐頭工廠街》(Cannery Row)和《伊甸之東》(East of
Eden)。在斯坦貝克的頒獎典禮上，瑞典學院並沒公開暗示自己的內部問題，而是讚美斯坦貝克可以躋身“美國現代文學大師之列”，以及他的“現實主義和富
於想像力的寫作，充滿同情心的幽默感與敏銳的社會意識”。
Copyright © 2013 The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.
此文簡單可喜
“Travels with Charley” 當然台灣已有翻譯
不過 能讀原文更有意思....
Travel books
Steinbeck's journey of rediscovery
Jul 11th 2012, 12:48 by B.R.
Debate about John Steinbeck’s 1962 road book, “Travels with Charley”, often coalesces around two questions: Why did he write it? And how much of it is true?
In the
opening chapter, Steinbeck says that he decided to wend his lonesome way
across America in a camper van, accompanied only by Charley, a sickly
poodle, because he was an American writer who had been stuck in New York
for too long and had thus grown unfamiliar with his subject: “writing
about America, [I] was working from memory, and the memory is at best a
faulty, warpy reservoir.” His son, though, tells a different story. The
real motivation for the trip, he says, was that Steinbeck thought he was
dying, and wanted to say farewell to his homeland.
As
for the tale’s veracity, stories abound. It is said that Steinbeck
actually spent barely a night in the cramped camper, sometimes staying
in glitzy hotels instead. Some claim that he was not often alone, since
he had his wife for company. Others say that the conversations he
recorded with the many ordinary, and several extraordinary, people he
came across were made up.
It is true that the dialogue
is perhaps too beautifully crafted to ring true. But this is to miss the
point of one of the greatest travelogues ever written. It is churlish
to hold beautifully crafted prose against “Travels with Charley”.
Indeed, in a book with so much to commend it, the majesty of Steinbeck’s
writing is the single biggest draw.
Better to think of
it as a poetic tale of rediscovery. From New York he first travels
through New England and then across the Midwest to Montana (“of all the
states my favourite and my love”). Along the way, Steinbeck finds two
countries: one that he recalls and one that is changing and
homogenising. In Seattle, he wonders why “progress looks so much like
destruction.” He remembers when Salinas, the town of his birth, proudly
announced its 4,000th citizen. When he returns it is home to 80,000. “I
have never resisted change, even when it has been called progress,” he
writes, “and yet I felt resentment toward the strangers swamping what I
thought of as my country with noise and clutter and the inevitable rings
of junk.”
Having worked his way down through
California, Steinbeck takes a left towards the racist South. This leg of
the trip has been hanging, unspoken, over the story. He approaches it
with the dread of the outsider. “When people are engaged in something
they are not proud of, they do not welcome witnesses. In fact, they come
to believe the witness causes the trouble.”
He watches
a spiteful daily campaign by a group of women calling themselves “the
Cheerleaders” against a young black child attending a white school.
Twenty times he hears the same joke when people see that he is riding
with his dog: “I thought you had a nigger in there!”. After a
confrontation with a man he has picked up, who says he would lay down
his life to stop his child “going to school with niggers”, Steinbeck
decides it is time to wend his way back to New York.
“I
early learned the difference between an American and the Americans,” he
writes. “They are so far apart that they might be opposites.” In the
course of its long journey, the book celebrates both: the underlying
fabric of what it is to be an American, and the myriad contrasting
individuals who make it up. Generally he still finds a country to love
and admire. And even in those encounters one suspects may be mere
fiction, there are deep truths to be had.
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