人和書 ( Men and Books) : anti-intellectualism；《美國的反智傳統：宗教、民主、商業與教育如何形塑美國人對知識的態度？》；李振聲《反共抗俄遊戲集》

2018年7月17日星期二

anti-intellectualism；《美國的反智傳統：宗教、民主、商業與教育如何形塑美國人對知識的態度？》；李振聲《反共抗俄遊戲集》

anti-intellectualism既然是"文化或思想中的態度"，似乎不宜翻譯成"主義"：

反智主義（英語：anti-intellectualism），又稱作反智論或反智識主義，是一種存在於文化或思想中的態度，而不是一套思想理論。反智主義可分為兩大類：一是對於智性（intellect）、知識的反對或懷疑，認為智性或知識對於人生有害而無益。另一種則是對於知識分子的懷疑和鄙視。

同樣的，日文也有統一翻譯：他們認為anti-intellectualism 是一種"主義・思想"。

反知性主義（はんちせいしゅぎ、英語: Anti-intellectualism）とは、知的権威やエリート主義に対して懐疑的な立場をとる主義・思想^[1]^[2]。言葉自体は、1950年代のアメリカ合衆国で登場したとされ^[3]、その後リチャード・ホフスタッターが1963年に『アメリカの反知性主義（英語版）』で示したものが知られる^[4]。

Anti-intellectualism is hostility to and mistrust of intellect, intellectuals, and intellectualism commonly expressed as deprecation of education and philosophy, and the dismissal of art, literature, and science as impractical and even contemptible human pursuits.^[1] Anti-intellectuals present themselves and are perceived as champions of common folk—populists against political and academic elitism—and tend to see educated people as a status class detached from the concerns of most people, and feel that intellectuals dominate political discourse and control higher education.^[1]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-intellectualism

《美國的反智傳統：宗教、民主、商業與教育如何形塑美國人對知識的態度？》

Richard Hofstadter, Anti-intellectualism in American Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963.

Anti-intellectualism in American Life - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-intellectualism_in_American_Life

Anti-intellectualism in American Life is a book by Richard Hofstadter published in 1963 that won the 1964 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction. In this book, Hofstadter set out to trace the social movements that altered the role of intellect in American society.

美國政治傳統與其塑造者, 李查德˙霍夫斯塔特(著)、
王世憲(譯), Richard Hofstadter (1948). The American Political Tradition: And the Men Who Made it. Knopf.

Richard Hofstadter著，王世憲譯，《美國政治傳統與其塑造者》The American Political Tradition： and the Men Who Made It, 1948，台北市：商務印書館，民68/1979。

Susan Jacoby, The Age of American Unreason. New York: Pantheon Books, 2008.
Aaron Lecklider (2013). Inventing the Egghead: The Battle over Brainpower in American Culture. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4486-1.
Elvin T. Lim (2008). The Anti-Intellectual Presidency: The Decline of Presidential Rhetoric from George Washington to George W. Bush. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199898091.
"Anti-Intellectualism and the "Dumbing Down" of America". psychology today. 2014. There is a growing and disturbing trend of anti-intellectual elitism in American culture. It's the dismissal of science, the arts, and humanities and their replacement by entertainment, self-righteousness, ignorance, and deliberate gullibility.

Dane S. Claussen (2004). Anti-Intellectualism in American Media. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0820457215.
Liza Featherstone, Doug Henwood, and Christian Parenti, "'Action Will be Taken': Left Anti-Intellectualism and its Discontents," Left Business Observer.
William Hinton, Hundred Day War: The Cultural Revolution at Tsinghua University. New York: New York University Press, 1972.